Aesthetic Plastic Surgery and Weight Loss- welness tips

Exercises And Pregnancy

Physical activity is important before, during and after pregnancy status.

How do the exercises to a pregnant? Are they necessary? Are favourable to health? What should indicate?

The first thing is to know which are essential before, during and after pregnancy status. The point is how to exercise.

We must understand that pregnancy is a situation hiperdinámica, namely energy expenditure of women are augmented by the intrauterine growth of another being. In addition to cause in her womb, should seek through your body everything needed for their development intrauterine, mainly oxygen and nutrients that are exchanged by the placenta. Thus, their own energy needs, the sum of his pregnant outbreaks.

Such an increase in their metabolism reduces its energy reserves, limiting it to develop exercises in the ceiling, they are also counterproductive.

That in terms of oxygen consumption-a reflection of our exchange-energy, but increases during pregnancy, essentially non-peak. Then, to be increased consumption and kept the basement ceiling, the remaining capacity decreases, and therefore the energy available to dissipate during exercise is lower.

By implication, the maximum yield of low exercise during pregnancy.

The problem arises when the dose of physical effort that involves use of energy in women, which derives its biology part of the energy reserved for the fetus to sustain the needs of metabolic effort. This is called “foetal theft.” And in this measure is that efforts can be very vigorous care for the fetus.

There is evidence that physical exercise produces a comprehensive drop in blood flow and oxygen concentration in the uterine artery, the artery that ultimately takes all the inputs of the fetus.

This phenomenon is caused by hormonal action of the autonomic nervous system (automatic), which derives visceral blood (which goes to the viscera), including the uterus, and redistributed to the muscles.

Despite the potential risk that this involves, oxygen uptake by tissues of the uterus-placenta and fetus remains intact, the one provided by extracting oxygen from hemoglobin fetal blood available.
However, this poses a risk in a pregnancy with a circulation placental limit. It is therefore prudent for pregnant women exercising their bodies in a moderate way.

Also, and especially at the end of pregnancy, exercise can magnify the normal response hipoglicémica increasing uptake of glucose by muscle, which in extreme can affect the supply of glucose to the fetus.
Taking precautions

Another aspect concerns the danger of fetal hyperthermia in the exercise extreme, especially when it’s hot. On the one hand, exercise increases the internal temperature of women-and fetal-and, secondly, the drop in circulation in the uterine sobreesfuerzo prolonged translates into an inability to dispel temperature across the placenta.

That is why it is recommended in warm climates or stations, bringing fresh during the hours of the day, and his caring much hydration.
Another obvious edge refers to avoid a sport or exercise that threatens to direct trauma.

It is not advisable nor take intense exercise programs during pregnancy for a woman who has been sedentary. Of wanting to exercise, should be guided by a specialist, so begin graduate, and not strive ever.

A moderate dose of regular aerobic exercise, 30 to 40 minutes of aerobic exercise intermediate and not beyond the 120 or 130 beats per minute, not necessarily those of the fetus and help maintain a good cardiovascular functional capacity. This coupled with deep breathing exercises and superficial, elongation and flotation (watsu) contribute to the general welfare and have the effect of training for childbirth.

Benefits of obesity surgery

In addition to the low weight, usually are corrected all the pathologies aggregate arising from obesity, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, sleep apnea, hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver, hyperinsulinemia, diabetes, osteo problems. In most cases it is possible to suspend pharmacological treatments for controlling these diseases.

Contrary to what was suspected, not obese have an increased rate of mental illness than the general population, we have also seen that many of the mental symptoms such as anxiety and real obsession with food, some lesser degrees of depression, which are common in the morbid obese, are improved when they lose weight quickly. It seems that the best therapy in these cases is to restore self-esteem, returning to a proper weight.

Laser Eye Surgery

The structure of the eye is like a house that had a unique curved exterior window type bubble, which would be the cornea, and a fiber optic cable, optic nerve, which extends from the rear.
There exists a tissue-shaped ring, the iris, a colored iris that allows varying amounts of light pass into the inside surface on the back of the eye.
The pupil is the transparent central area, which is controlled by the muscles in the diaphragm, making the pupil when the smallest amount of light is excessive, and vice versa.

Light rays pass through the transparent cornea, which because of its curved surface diverts (refracts) concentrations through the pupil. Then again pass through a normally transparent lens (lens) with two curved surfaces, the front and rear. Therefore, these light rays are diverted (refract) twice more during his trip to the back of the eye.

The light rays travel to the rear surface of the eye through the vitreous, a transparent gelatinous substance that fills the space between the rear of the lens and retina, the innermost layer of the eyeball that contains specialized cells that convert light into electrical impulses electric. These cells are called rods, which are processed images in black and white, and cones, the color processing.

What is really amazing about the structure of the eye is part of these cells in the retina (photosensitive cells) convert light into electrical impulses that the optic nerve transmits to the brain. After extending the visual pathways to the middle of crossing the brain and brain tissue, reach the visual centers of the occipital lobes. There, the electrical impulses are transformed in a way not yet determined precisely, to produce what we call vision.

The human visual system is thus composed of:

Cornea: refract light into the lens and projected on the retina
Pupil: Controlled by the muscles of the ciliary muscle that opens or closes depending on the light.
Lens: Refractive new light
Vitreous humor: The light passes through this space gelatinous.

Retina: It converts the light energy into electrical impulses.

Optic Nerve: transmits electrical impulses from the retina to the brain.

Brain stem: Step interim electrical impulses to the occipital lobes.

Occipital lobes: Fate, where electrical impulses are converted into images.

A perfect visual system would have the following characteristics:

Clean and clear a path from the front to the back of the eye.
Provided a balance between the length of the eye and the curvature of surfaces refractile.
Cells with a smooth operation in the retina and the brain that allow the conversion of light energy into electrical impulses, the transmission of these impulses and their conversion to images
Unfortunately, most people are not equipped with a visual system perfect.

The eyes have a diameter disproportionately long or too myopic refractive power produced, because the images are focused in front of the retina and consequently produce a blurred vision.

The opposite occurs when the diameter of the eyes have a disproportionately long or too short and low refractive hypermetropia occurs.

Astigmatism, however, occurs when light rays horizontal affecting the eye are refracted also the vertical, which prevents the clear focus of the objects that are near or far.

Presbyopia have other causes and is manifested in older ages, when it starts to be difficult to see close, as the lens loses the ability to shrink. The near vision is blurred, but the vision is still far from good.

The diseases can be treated using the laser are:

Myopia from -0.75 diopters to -10.0 diopters
Hyperopia from +0.75 to +5.0 dioptres dioptres
Astigmatism: from 0 to 4.0 diopters
Presbyopia: in different states

Traditionally, many of these conditions have been treated with the help of corrective lenses (glasses and contact lenses). Today there are new advances in laser eye surgery, available in most developed countries, which get far better results.
There are three types of laser eye surgery:

PRK (Photo Refractive Keratectomy) was the main treatment of laser eye surgery for many years.
By this intervention is withdrawn epithelium (the protective layer of skin covering the cornea) with the help of a “cold laser.”
PRK is used mainly in patients with low to moderate myopia.
Then you can see a video of a surgical intervention with PRK:

LASEK (Laser Assisted Sub-Epithelial Keratectomy) or EPIFLAP (Laser Assisted Epithelial Keratomileusis) is an operation to remove part of the epithelium to enter the cornea, which is then treated with the laser, after which the epithelium is put back again in place.
LASEK is used mostly in patients with low to moderate myopia.
Then you can see a video of a surgical intervention with LASEK:

LASIK (Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) is a new type of surgery, invented by the Spanish ophthalmologist Jose Barraquer and is the most advanced and popular laser eye surgery today. A portion of the thin outer layer of the cornea is lifted and used a laser to change the curvature of the cornea. Then he returns to restore the layer that adheres to and heals naturally.
LASIK is used in patients with myopia and hyperopia with moderate and advanced.
Then one can see a video with LASIK surgery:

All these treatments have been approved in most countries of the world and their application is considered to be completely safe.
However, if it is surgery, there are risks and the patient must be properly informed about them.

Moreover, not everyone can be performed laser eye surgery.
Although laser eye surgery is generally safe for healthy adults, there are several factors that make it inadvisable:
AGE: It is recommended that any person who is to be performed laser eye surgery has at least 18 years of age. It is assumed that at the age of the patient’s eye refractive error has stabilized.
However, there is no age limit when the advanced laser eye surgery can be performed, and that this factor does not affect the nature of the operation.
ENDOCRIN: hormonal fluctuations can affect the refractive error of the eyes of the patient. This mistake is not corrected until the endocrine system back to normal.
For this reason, the laser eye surgery is not recommended during pregnancy or who are treated with hormones.
HEALTH: Because the cornea is composed of a matrix of collagen fibers, patients suffering from immunological disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc., Face a risk after surgery.
HERPES VIRUS INFECTION: A history of infection in the eye by herpes simplex virus makes eye surgery inadvisable. It is believed that the virus resides permanently in the cells of the optic nerves and can reactivate an intervention.
Herpes infections in other parts of the body does not affect the laser eye surgery.
Size of the pupil: The lasers used today affect an area of about 7 to 8 mm in diameter. Therefore it is important that the size of the pupil is less than the area.
Refractive error: Most people with visual impairments are myopic or hyperopic with some degree of astigmatism.
After 40, many people begin to develop presbyopia, a condition characterized by difficulty in focusing clearly short distances. Is because the ciliary muscle, it loses elasticity and strength, while the lens becomes less flexible.
Although none of the treatments described above are useful for treating presbyopia, there is a procedure called laser thermal Keratoplastía (LAPR laser thermal keratoplasty), which reduces the collagen in the periphery of the cornea and correct the curvature is achieved .
There is also the Keratoplastía Conduct (CK), to treat this condition. This procedure uses radio frequency energy to apply heat on certain points around the cornea, resulting in an improvement in visual acuity.